COVERT OPERATIONS FILES : UK intelligence and police using child spies in covert operations
UK intelligence and police using
child spies in covert operations
Home Office wants more freedom to find
information on terrorists and gangs via children
Damien Gayle
and Ian Cobain
The House of Lords is concerned about
the mental health risks of using children in undercover activities. Photograph:
Alamy
British police and intelligence agencies are
using children as spies in covert operations against terrorists, gangs and drug
dealers.
A committee of the House of Lords revealed the
practice while raising the alarm over government plans to give law enforcement
bodies more freedom over their use of children.
Some of the child spies are aged under 16, the
committee says, adding that it was worried about proposals to extend from one
month to four the period of time between each occasion that child spies go
through a re-registration process.
“We are concerned that enabling a young person
to participate in covert activity associated with serious crime for an extended
period of time may increase the risks to their mental and physical welfare,”
said the committee, chaired by Lord Trefgarne, a former Tory government
minister.
The House of Lords secondary legislation
scrutiny committee raised concerns over the orders in a report published last Thursday .
Home Office correspondence with the committee,
published in the report, suggests children are not only used to furnish the
police with information, but are also assigned to collect information on behalf
of agencies.
The
intention behind the change was to remove the obligation for the agency to
apply to renew their authorisation “within a very short time” in circumstances
including where “the juvenile has not been able to complete the tasking within
the initial one-month period”.
The department added: “This pressure to obtain
results could be unhelpful to the juvenile CHIS [covert human intelligence
sources] and also to the law enforcement agency … In some circumstances this
requirement can also act as a deterrent with law enforcement avoiding the use
of juvenile CHIS[.]”
Regarding safeguards, the Home Office proposes
that authorisation be reviewed monthly by a senior official to ensure the
welfare and safety of the child, and to ensure the deployment remains
“necessary and proportionate”.
Ben Wallace, the Home Office minister who
corresponded with the committee over the changes, suggested that juvenile CHISs
may have “unique access to information”, particularly in cases of gangs.
“For example,” he wrote, “it can be difficult
to gather evidence on gangs without penetrating their membership through the
use of juvenile CHIS. As well as provide intelligence dividend in relation to a
specific gang, juvenile CHIS can give investigators a broader insight into, for
example, how young people in gangs are communicating with each other.”
Neil Woods, a former undercover police officer
who investigated drugs gangs around the country, said he was aware of children
being used as CHISs in the past, but that it was rare. He said the change
seemed at first glance to be an attempt to deal with county lines drugs
conspiracies.
“It sounds like infiltration to me, direction
and infiltration,” he said. “It’s basically a kid that has been caught first
time, and instead of rescuing them they are sending them back in.”
He warned that authorising such activities
would increase the risks faced by all children involved in the drugs trade, who
are already seen as expendable by ringleaders.
“It’s going to rack up the violence because as
soon as gangsters think that there are more spies in their ranks then the
classic arms race reaction is to increase the amount of terror, to make sure
that those people are more scared of the gangsters than they are of the
ramifications of the police.”
Jenny Jones, of the Green party, raised the
issue at the Lords grand committee on Wednesday night, saying that she was
shocked to learn that authorities could use children as spies at all.
Jones said she and colleagues were planning a
motion of regret, which could not force the government into taking action on
their concerns but would bring the issue to wider attention in the Lords, “and
will make it harder for the government to wave it through”.
Rosalind Comyn, legal and policy officer at
Rights Watch (UK), said: “Enlisting children as foot soldiers in the darkest
corners of policing, and intentionally exposing them to terrorism, crime or
sexual abuse rings – potentially without parental consent – runs directly
counter to the government’s human rights obligations, which demand the
interests of children be placed at the heart of decisions which affect them.
“It is also an affront to the government’s own
safeguarding guidance, which requires our public authorities to help children
escape crime, not become more deeply embedded in it.”
The Home Office said: “Juvenile covert human
intelligence sources are used very rarely and only ever when it is necessary
and proportionate and when there is no other less intrusive way to get the
information needed to convict criminals or terrorist suspects.”
This included helping to prevent and prosecute
gang violence, drug dealing and the running of drugs from cities to small towns
– known as county lines – “all of which have a devastating impact on young
people, vulnerable adults and local communities”.
It said the use of child spies was overseen by
the investigatory powers commissioner, Lord Justice Fulford, adding:
“Throughout any deployment and beyond, the welfare of the young person is the
paramount consideration.”
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